Zhou Enlai was born on 5 March 1898 in Jiangsu. The Zhou family originated from Shaoxing as the same as Lu Xun.
But the Zhou family ran bankrupt and Zhou Enlai was left in uncle's care and led a life in extreme poverty.
In his high school days, he was so handsome that he always played a female role in new Chinese opera.
He advanced to Nankai University newly established with the financial aid of America.
Nankai University had substantial curriculum and enlightened faculties,and what he learned in this University gave a great influence on his future.
Graduated from Nankai University, he went to France for studies in full with a hope of discovering the way to save China as the same as other Chinese students.
He was rapidly awakened by communism in France.


Zhou Enlai was in complete control of administrtive organization as a leader only second to Mao Zedong in rank and moreover he enjoyed enormous popularity.
Many people remarked on his charm that he held a prominent memory and an ample store of topics.
It was in Sian Incident as a divergent point of the war between Japan and China that his best talent of understanding the subtleties of human mind was mostly exerted.
After the death of Sun Yat-sen,Chiang Kai-shek ignored the will of Sun Yat-sen and attacked the base of Communist Party in a large scale.
Then the base of Communist Party was put under a strong pressure of the army of Guomidang (National Party).
  There was Zhang Xueliang whose father Zhang Zulin was plotted to be killed by Japanese army in the north east part of China.
Zhang Xueliang was a warlord to become an Emperor of Manchuria but surrendered to Chiang Kai-shek in order to battle against Japan.
But Chiang Kai-shek ordered Zhang Xueliang to fight against the army of the Communist Party instead of the Japanese army.
But he don't have a will to battle against Communist Party and the battle hardly progressed.
Irritated, Chiang Kai-shek dicided to go to Sian in order to supervise their attack to the Communist Party.
But in Sian, Chiang Kai-shek was arrested and taken in custody,and before long the meeting between Chaing Kai-shek and Zhou Enlai of Communist Party was realized. Zhou Enlai once had been a deputy political director of Whampoa Military Academy which Chiang Kai-shek had directed.
When Zhang Xueliang was questioned about the contents of the meeting in the TV program in 1998, he answered "Don't ask me any more about that."
Anyway,after the meeting,Chiang Kai-sheck received the policy of cooperating to fight against Japan's agression and the second United Front was realized. At this time,people in the world had gotten known for the first time Zhou Enlai's ability of diplomatic negotiation and persuation.
Zhou Enlai had played a major role centered with diplomacy under Mao Zedong of Communist Party.
Zhou Enlai managed to negotiate with National Party or America at Nanjing or Chongging under the sevailance of National Party during the war between Japan and China.
After the war,he attended the conference of both parties in Chongging.
In 1950,immediately after the establishment of Republic of China, he went to Moscow and became a assistance of Mao-Zedong in the swinging conference between China and Soviet Union.
Moreover, he attended the Geneva conference in 1954 which was the first international conference that China joined,and was engaged in most of the negotiations with foreign countries.
Zhou Enlai went through the severe struggles with Jiang Qing,a wife of Mao Zedong,for power and had overcome the danger of downfall in the Cultural Great Proletarian Revolution.
Zhou Enlai died on 8 January 1976 at the age of 78 years old.
People deplored his death more than any other heroes.

The days of Zhou Enlai in Japan

Zhou Enlai was the one of Chinsese students who came to Japan for study. There aren't any definate data that locates the place of Zhou Enlai's staying in Japan.
Synthesizing the records of research works and recent biographies, he was sure to live in the vicinity of Waseda and near Edogawabashi in Japan.
According to the research of a manager of Edogawabashi branch of Mitubishi Bank, Zhou Enlai often made a appearance to the Japanese restaturant named "Yamabuki" located at the spot of former Ushigome Bunka Center in Yamabukityou Town.
Ten minute-walk from Edogawabashi in the direction of Ushigome brings you to Yamabukityou Town where Zhou Enlai had lived in. There are many alleys like a maze in the vicinity.
If you walk through the maze for the south,you will reach to Kagurazaka Slope.Chinese students often gathered at a Chinese restaurant in Kagurazaka Slope, and journal of Revolutionary League "Minpou"was published near the Kagurazaka Slope.
Kagurazaka in those days was the place where young Chinese students stirred with the dream of revolution.
The year of 1998 hits the 20th year since the treaty of peace and friendship between Japan and China and the 100th year since the birth of late Zhou Enlai.
The Society for the Friendship between Japan and China in Chiyoda Word built up the monument in the Aizen Park on the site of former Touwa Prereminary High School.
In the stone monument,the words were engraved such as" Zhou Enlai had learned here,the site of Towa Prereminary High School " and other matters related with him also were engraved.
Zhou Enlai who had decided to advance to Nankai University went to Kobe Port in 1919 on the way back to China. On the way,he visited also Kyoto and enjoyed the sightseeing for a while.
He visited Arashiyama and Maruyamakoen Park and was moved by cherry blossoms and fresh green of mountains,writing his deep impression in the form of Chinese poem. The four poems Zhou Enlai wrote then were engraved on the stone monument at Kameyamakoen Park in Arashiyama,Kyoto.
The stone monument "Arashiyama in the rain" of the left picture was built in commemoration of the Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China.
In April,1979,his wife visited Kyoto with succession of Enlai's will and attended the unveiling ceremony of the stone monument of "Arashiyama in the rain".
Kanyourou Restaurant was the Chinese restaurant which Zhou Enlai used to go frequently,and was located at the distance of 4 minute wolk fom Jinboutyou sabway station.
The owner intended to provide for Chinese students with taste of their home province in China and opened the restaurant in 1911.
Zhou Enlai at the age of 19 then went to this restaurant frequently. His favorite steamed-bun is a popular dish even now.
Kanyourou Restaurant was located at Sarugakutyo in those days,but it was moved a little westward. The address of Kanyorou Restaurant is now 3-14-2 Ogawa Kanda Chiyoda Ward Tokyo.
Many apartment houses are now built around the place where Zhou Enlai had once lodged in Higashi Nakano. The place was very near present-day Nakano Cultural Hall of Soka Gakkai and the matter of Zhou Enlai's staying in Nakano Ward is permanently exhibited in the Nakano Cultural Hall.
In September 1979, Zhou Enlai told his accompanying Japanese correspondents at the time of signing the joint statement of normalizing diplomatic relation between Japan and China,"Nakano has changed remakably, hasn't it?
I had lodged at Kashiwagi(present-day Higashi Nakano)and I remember a brook flowing near my house."This brook is Kandagawa River.

E-mail to Yoshimura Naohiro.